Millennium Seed Bank

In the heart of rural Sussex lies a treasure trove of scientific excellence.  

The Millennium Seed Bank hides an underground collection of over 2.4 billion seeds from around the world, banking them to conserve them for the future.  

Enter our glass atrium, and you’ll see our scientists at work in front of your very eyes. You can track the journey of a seed from our drying chamber, though seed cleaning and processing to our research stations and explore our interactive exhibitions.  

Right beneath your feet are our sub-zero chambers, where we store seeds collected around the world by our global partnership in flood, bomb and radiation-proof vaults.  

Outside our building, planted parterres showcase eight threatened habitats of the British Isles.  

Where do we collect seeds from? 

The MSB is the largest, most diverse wild plant species genetic resource in the world; a fantastic result of contributions from 97 countries since 2000.  

Our scientists and their partners collect seeds from some of the most extreme and familiar landscapes.  

Seed collections are stored in the country where they were collected, and a part of the collection is sent to the MSB for safety backup. 

We prioritise: 

• Plants that with seeds that can tolerate being dried and frozen  

• Areas vulnerable to climate change: alpine, dryland, coastal and island ecosystems  

• Plants that are useful for livelihoods and economies 

• Plants that are relatives of to those that we eat 

• Plants that are endemic to that location (not found anywhere else)  

• Plants that are threatened in the wild.

This scientific hub is a great introduction into the vital work that Kew scientists do every day.  

In fact, many of the plants grown in Wakehurst’s botanic garden started their life in this very place.