Key to tribes of Compositae in Bolivia
1. |
Corolla inside and outside and all other floral parts bearing simple, uniseriate, eglandular, 3-celled hairs; plants often with axillary spines or thorns |
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Corollas and other floral parts lacking such hairs but often with hairs of other kinds, or glabrous; stems lacking spines or thorns, or if stems apparently spiny these formed from branch and branchlet apices |
2 |
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2. (1) |
Corollas all ligulate (i.e. all strap-shaped, equally 5-toothed at apex) |
3 |
Corollas not ligulate, or if strap-shaped then limb with 4 or less apical teeth, or teeth unequal |
4 |
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3. (2) |
Plants lacking latex; style arms lacking collector hairs |
Mutisieae p.p. (Hyaloseris) |
Plants with latex; style arms subulate, pubescent outside and to below bifurcation on style shaft |
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4. (2) |
Phyllaries uniseriate, usually cohering by overlapping margins, or partly or wholly connate, calyculate or ecalyculate; pappus present |
5 |
Phyllaries imbricate in 2 or more series, free or connate, if uniseriate then not cohering or pappus absent or capitula unisexual |
6 |
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5. (4) |
Plants with oil glands on leaves and phyllaries; achenes black when mature |
Heliantheae p.p. |
Plants lacking oil glands; achenes never black when mature |
Senecioneae p.p. |
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6. (4) |
Style arms bifurcate or short-bifid, pilose outside; upper part of style shaft pilose |
7 |
Style arms bifurcate or bilobed, rarely connate, not pilose outside; upper part of style glabrous or sometimes with a ring of hairs just beneath style arm division |
9 |
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7. (6) |
Florets isomorphic, all hermaphrodite; corolla tubular, usually long lobed |
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Florets dimorphic, outer florets female with filiform corollas or with rays, disc florets tubular, hermaphrodite or male; corolla lobes short |
8 |
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8. (7) |
Outer florets filiform; leaves alternate; plants never with latex |
Inuleae p.p. |
Outer florets rayed; leaves opposite (rarely rosettiform); plants with or without latex |
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9. (6) |
Capitula with all or only outer florets bilabiate (i.e. corollas with 3-toothed outer lips and 2-lobed inner lips) |
Mutisieae p.p. |
Capitula lacking bilabiate florets, corollas all tubular or outer florets distinctly rayed, ray limb not bilabiate |
10 |
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10. (9) |
Style with ring of hairs just beneath style arms |
Cardueae (Carduus) |
Style arms lacking ring of hairs and glabrous or variously papillate or pubescent |
11 |
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11. (10) |
Anther bases not sagitate, base of thecae obtuse |
12 |
Anther bases conspicuously sagitate, thecae long-acute or acuminate |
13 |
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12. (11) |
Capitula with marginal filiform female florets; style arms truncate with a corona of hairs |
Inuleae p.p. |
Capitula with all florets tubular; style arms obtuse and lacking collector hairs |
Mutisieae p.p. |
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13. (11) |
Style arms long, linear or apically clavate, covered in short papillae beginning conspicuously above base of style arms (florets isomorphic, all hermaphrodite, tubular; corollas never yellow) |
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Style arms short, in upper part covered in collector hairs, rarely without collector hairs, or long [account for this if necessary] (florets isomorphic or dimorphic, hermaphrodite corollas usually yellow) |
14 |
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14. (13) |
Style arms truncate or obtuse |
15 |
Style arms subulate to triangular |
17 |
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15. (14) |
Pappus of capillary setae; involucre calyculate |
Senecioneae p.p. (Culcitium) |
Pappus absent or a hyaline corona; involucre ecalyculate |
16 |
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16. (15) |
Phyllaries with scarious, usually brown margins; achenes relatively small, monomorphic or sometimes dimorphic, pappus a lacerate crown or auricle, or absent; leaves often pinnatipartite |
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Phyllaries green and herbaceous; achenes relatively large, polymorphic, epappose; leaves entire or lobed |
Calenduleae (Calendula) |
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17. (14) |
Achene body never black, very frequently setuliferous, rarely glabrous; pappus usually of capillary barbellate setae, or absent, rarely of squamellae and then falling rapidly; leaves usually alternate, but never scabrid pubescent; receptacle usually epaleaceous |
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Achene body black, usually glabrous or sometimes setuliferous; pappus of scales, squamellae, aristae or awns, or absent, but never of capillary setae, or if setae present these plumose; leaves frequently opposite and scabrid pubescent; receptacle frequently paleaceous |
