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Zinnia L., nom. cons., Syst. Nat., ed. 10 : 1189, 1377 (1759).

Crassina Scepin, De Acido Veg. : 42 (1759)[1758], nom. rej. vs. Zinnia L. Type: Chrysogonum peruvianum L. = Zinnia peruviana L.

Tragoceros Kunth in Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 4 (ed. folio): 195 (1818). Type: Tragoceros zinnioides Kunth = Zinnia zinnioides (Kunth) Olorode & Torres

Mendezia DC., Prodr. 5: 532 (1836). Type: Mendezia bicolor DC. = Zinnia bicolor (DC.) Hemsl.

Lejica Hill ex DC., prodr. 5: 534 (1836), nom. nud. pro syn. under Zinnia pauciflora L. = Zinnia peruviana L.

Diplothrix DC., Prodr. 5: 611 (1836). Type: not designated. Torres (1963: 5) incorrectly cited Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. as the type species this was clearly not one of the two species placed in the genus by de Candolle. Zinnia L. sect. Diplothrix (DC.) A. Gray appears to have been lectotypified by Gray (1852) by Diplothrix acerosa DC. = Zinnia acerosa (DC.) A. Gray

Anaitis DC., Prodr. 5: 628 (1836). Type: Anaitis acapulcensis DC. = Zinnia maritima Kunth

Zinnia L. sect. Diplothrix (DC.) A. Gray, Smiths. Contrib. Knowl. 3: 105 (1850).

Sanvitaliopsis Sch.Bip. ex Greenm., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 4: 260 (1905). Type: Sanvitaliopsis liebmannii (Klatt) Sch.Bip. ex Greenm. = Zinnia liebmannii Klatt

Zinnia L. subg. Diplothrix (DC.) Torres, Brittonia 15(1): 5 (1963).

Type: Zinnia peruviana L.

References

Robinson, B. L. & J. M. Greenman. (1897). III. Revision of the genus Zinnia. In: Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, n.s. No. X., Proc. Amerc. Acad. Arts 32: 14 20.

Robinson, H. (2006). Zinnia. In: G. Harling & L. Andersson (eds), Flora of Ecuador, No. 77(1): 190(6). Compositae-Heliantheae, Part 1: Introduction, genera MZ. Botanical Institute, GÐsteborg University, Gteborg & Section for Botany, Riksmuseum, Stockholm. pp. 222226.

Torres, A. M. (1963). Taxonomy of Zinnia. Brittonia 15(1): 1 25.

Key to species

Capitula hemispherical; paleae fimbriately lobed; disc achenes awnless Z. violacea

Capitula campanulate; paleae erose, rounded; disc achenes with single long awn Z. peruviana

Zinnia australis F. Bailey, Queensland Dept. Agr. Bull. 9, Bot. [Bull.] 3: 14 (1891) = Zinnia violacea Cav.

Zinnia elegans Jacq., Ic. Pl. Rar. 3: t. 589 (1793) = Zinnia violacea Cav.

Zinnia hybrida Ruiz & Pav. ex Sims, Bot. Mag. 47 (n.s. 5): t. 2123 (1820) = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia intermedia Engelm. in Wislizenius, Mem. Tour. N. Mex. : 107 (1848) = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia leptopoda DC., Prodr. 5: 535 (1836) = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia mendocina Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 36: 185 (1870) = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia multiflora L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2) 2: 1269 (1763) = Zinnia peruviana L.

*Zinnia pauciflora L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2) 2: 1269 (1763), nom. illegit. = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia peruviana L., Nat. Syst., ed. 10 : 1221 (1759). Type: Habitat in Peru. Lectotype (selected by Jeffrey in Jarvis et al. 1993: 100): [icon] Bidens calyce oblongo squamoso, seminibus radii corolla non decidua coronatis Miller, Fig. Pl. Gard. Dict. 1: 43, t. 64 (1756) (right).

*Zinnia pauciflora L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2) 2: 1269 (1763), nom. illegit., replaced syn. of Z. peruviana.

Zinnia multiflora L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2) 2: 1269 (1763). Type: Habitat - - - - N. L. Burmannus. Original material: Herb. Linn. No. 353.5? (S); 1019.2? (LINN) [See comment in Jarvis 2007: 932, who noted that both Torres 1963: 12 and Hind 1993: 179 had expressed doubt over whether LINN 1019.2 should be considered as the type.]

Zinnia tenuiflora Jacq., Ic. Rar. 3: 15, t. 590 (1793). Type: not cited.

Zinnia revoluta Cav., Ic. 3: 26 (1794)[1795]. Type: Hab. in Imperio Mexicano. 0 Floret August in Regio horto Matritense. Holotype: ?MA.

Zinnia verticillata Andr., Bot. Rep. 3: t. 189 (1801). Type: It is a native of Mexico, South America; and was introduced to our gardens about the year 1789, by Monsr Richard, from the Paris gardens, at the same time with the Virgilia; ... Our figure was taken, this year, at the Hammersmith Nursery, where, it was grown first in this kingdom. Robinson (2006: 225) cited the holotype as Botanists Repository 3: pl. 189 . This should be the lectotype is the original of the plate 189 , surely?

Zinnia hybrida Ruiz & Pav. ex Sims, Bot. Mag. 47 (n.s. 5): t. 2123 (1820). Types: Communicated by Messrs. Whitley, Brame and Milne, in August last, under the name of grandiflora; but as we find the same species in the herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq. collected in South America by Ruiz and Pavon, under that of hybrida, we have thought it right to adopt this. Mr Whitley received the seeds of this plant from the East Indies, by favour of Mrs Stuart, but it was most probably introduced there from Brazil. Robinson (2006b: 225) cited the holotype as ?BM

Zinnia leptopoda DC., Prodr. 5: 535 (1836). Type: in Mexico, ad Tlacolola in Oaxacan ditione (Andr. fl. exs. n. 314), et in montibus circa urb. Mex. (Berl.! pl. exs. n. 686). Z. pauciflora in fl. mex. ined. non Linn. ... (v.s.). Lectotype (selected by Torres, 1963: 12): Berlandier 686, G-DC; isolectotype: GH. Note: Torres actually wrote (T: Berlandier 686, G-DC, Isotype: GH!) which, in keeping with the remainder of the paper, appears to indicated the holotype. This, in the case of Z. leptopoda, can be considered lectotypification. This contrasts with Robinson (2006: 225) who appears to have lectotypified the name based on the Andrieux collection, as s.n. in G-DC. The Andrieux collection, 314, was of course specified in the protologue; Torres selection still takes precedence.

Zinnia intermedia Engelm. in Wislizenius, Mem. Tour. N. Mex. : 107 (1848). Type: Common about Cosihuiriachi, flowers in September. [Wislizenius]. Holotype: GH.

Zinnia mendocina Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 36: 185 (1870). [Note: In a separately published reprint/preprint in K this appeared on p. 27.] Type: Mendoza. Pizarro (1960: 166) cited two collections in SGO, 44581 and 60589. Duplicate type material appears to be in GOET.

Crassina intermedia (Engelm.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331 (1891).

Crassina leptopoda (DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331 (1891).

Crassina multiflora (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331 (1891).

Crassina peruviana (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331 (1891).

Crassina tenuiflora (Jacq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331 (1891).

Crassina verticillata (Andr.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331 (1891).

Crassina peruviana (L.) Kuntze var. flava Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 143 (1898). Type: Bolivia: Rio Tapacari. [Bolivia. Rio Tapacari, 3000 m, 19 Mar 1892, Kuntze s.n. ([NY] 2 sheets). according to Wetter & Zanoni, 1985: 330].

Argentina, Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz), Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, 4Mexico, Peru, USA, Venezuela, West Indies.

Large-flowered Zinnia; Double Zinnia (Andrews, 1801, tab. 189).

Note: The following entry is often associated with the name Zinnia peruviana Chrysogonum peruvianum L., Sp. Pl.: 920 (1753). Type: Habitat in Peru. D. Jussieu. 0. Holotype: P-JU 9416. Jarvis (2007: 415) noted that the only original element of this name was the plate in FeuillÔZ (J. Obs. 2: 766, t. 50 (1714), also noting that Jeffrey (pers. comm., 1992) had indicated that the plate is of a wedelioid plant and not a Zinnia. This name is definitely not the basionym of Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia revoluta Cav., Ic. 3: 26 (1794)[1795] = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia tenuiflora Jacq., Ic. Rar. 3: t. 509 (1793) = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia verticillata Andr., Bot. Rep. 3: t. 189 (1801) = Zinnia peruviana L.

Zinnia violacea Cav., Icon. 1: 57, t. 81 (1791). Type: Habitat in Mexico. 0. Vidi floridam in Regio horto Matritense mense Iulio. Holotype: MA (246537). Note: This sheet has a handwritten label Zinnia violacea/Mexico. H. R. M. with a typewritten label Zinnia elegans Jacq.

Zinnia elegans Jacq., Ic. Pl. Rar. 3: t. 589 (1793). Type: not cited. Note: In Collectanea, Suppl. 5: 152 (1797) Jacquin stated Sub hoc titulo semina accepi. Patria mihi ignota est. Holotype: ?

Zinnia australis F. Bailey, Queensland Dept. Agr. Bull. 9, Bot. [Bull.] 3: 14 (1891). Type: Walsh River, T. Barclay-Millar. Holotype: BRI.

Native of Mexico but widely cultivated eslewhere. Cultivated in Bolivia (Ben, Santa Cruz).

Note: Several authors have mis-stated the date of publication of Cavanilles Icones ... vol. 1 as 1797; it is clear it was published in 1791 and therefore predates the publication of Z. elegans.

Zycona oppositifolia Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 373 (1891) = Schistocarpha eupatorioides (Fenzl) Kuntze