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Tithonia Desf. ex Juss., Gen. Pl. : 189 (1789).

Tithonia Desf. ex Juss. subgen. Mirasolia Sch.Bip. in Seem., Bot. Voy. Herald: 305 (1856). Type: Tithonia calva Sch.Bip.

Mirasolia (Sch.Bip.) Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. Pl. 2: 367 (1873).

Urbanisol Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891), nom. illegit. superfl. pro Tithonia Desf. ex Juss.

Type: Tithonia uniflora Gmelin = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

References

Blake, S. F. (1921). Revision of the genus Tithonia. Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 20: 423436.

La Duke, J. C. (1982). Revision of Tithonia. Rhodora 84: 453522.

Robinson, H. (2006). Tithonia. In: G. Harling & L. Andersson (eds), Flora of Ecuador, No. 77(1): 190(6). Compositae-Heliantheae, Part 1: Introduction, genera MZ. Botanical Institute, Gteborg University, G teborg & Section for Botany, Riksmuseum, Stockholm. pp. 154160.

Zardini, E. M. (1974). Dos compuestas del genero Tithonia, adventicias, nuevas para la flora Jujea. Darwiniana 18: 421424.

Tithonia aristata Oersted, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kj benhavn 1852(57): 114 (1852)[1853] = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia heterophylla Griseb., Bonplandia 6: 9 (1858) = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia macrophylla S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 140 (1891) = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake, Contr. Gray Herb. 52: 41 (1917).

Tagetes rotundifolia Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8. Tagetes No. 4 (1768). Type: This plant was discovered by the late Dr. Houston growing naturally at La Vera Cruz in New Spain, from whence he sent the seeds to England. [cult. material by ?] Holotype: BM.

Tithonia uniflora Desf. ex J. F. Gmel., Syst. Nat., ed. 13, 2(2): 1259 (1792), nom. illegit. no validy published genus at this time. Note: Reference in the protologue, after merely a citation of the name was to Des Fontaines. act. Paris. extram. vol. 12. This, as Stafleu & Cowan (1976: 629) pointed out, was never published but it appeared later as Description du genre Tithonia in Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. 1: 4951 (1802).

Tithonia tagetiflora Desf., Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. 1: 49, pl. 4 (1802). Type: Thiery, voyageur connu par des projets utiles son pays, en envoya, en 1778, au jardin des plantes, des graines quil avoit cueillies dans les environs de la Vera Cruz. Elle a t cultiv e pendant deux ou trois ans; .... Holotype: P.

Tithonia tagetiflora Lam., Tab. Encycl. tom. 3: 284 (1823); tom. 2: t. 708 (1797), nom. illegit., later hom. Type: not specified.

Helianthus speciosus Hook., Curtiss Bot. Mag., ser. 2, 3 [vol 61 of whole]: t. 3295 (1834). Type: Along with the very beuatiful drawing here figured, my obliging correspondent, Thomas Glover, Esq. of Manchester, sent me the following account of this charming Helianthus. Mr. Edward Leeds of this place, who has lately commenced business as a Nurseryman and Florist, from among a packet of seeds from the Botanic Garden, Mexico, sent to him by W. Higson, Esq. of Manchester, has raised several plants that are not known in this neighbourhood. Only one, the subject of my present communication, has flowered, ... Only one seed vegetated; and ... it is said to have come from Jorullo. ... Holotype: K; isotype: K. La Duke (1982) annotated the sheet in K used for t. 3295 (ex Herb. Hookerianum) as the Holotype. Interestingly there is one sheet in the Cultivated material covers that is of one capitulum on part of a pedicel with a printed label. This label notes that the specimen is from the original plant grown by Mr Edward Leeds and could therefore be counted as an isotype.

Leighia speciosa (Hook.) DC., Prodr. 5: 583 (1836).

Tithonia aristata Oersted, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjbenhavn 1852(57): 114 (1852)[1853]. Type: Jeg fandt den paa Bjerget Aguacate i Costa-Rica. Holotype: C.

Tithonia heterophylla Griseb., Bonplandia 6: 9 (1858). Type: æ¸.í²'Ins. Taboga pr. Panamam: Duch.[assaing s.n.] Holotype: GOET.

Tithonia speciosa (Hook.) Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. : 155 (1866).

Tithonia macrophylla S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 140 (1891). Type: [Mexico:] Barranca, near Guadalajara; Sept., 1889 ([Pringle] n. 2798). Holotype: US; isotypes: F, GH, MICH, NY, US.

Urbanisol tagetifolius (Desf.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891).

Urbanisol tagetifolius (Desf.) Kuntze var. diversifolius Kuntze f. grandiflorus Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891), nom. illegit.

Urbanisol tagetifolius (Desf.) Kuntze [unranked] a normalis Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891). Type: Singapur, verwildert.

Urbanisol tagetifolius (Desf.) Kuntze [unranked] b speciosus (Hook.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 370 (1891).

Urbanisol aristatus (Oerst.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891).

Urbanisol heterophyllus (Griseb.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 371 (1891).

Tithonia speciosa (Hook.) Klatt, Ext. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 31: 203 (1893), comb. illegit. superfl.

Tithonia vilmoriniana Pamp., Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908: 133 (1908). Type: Habitat: Culta in Horto Botanico Florentino e seminibus mexicanis, pr. Jacona (Michoacan) lectis et a cl. Vilmorin-Andrieux missis. Holotype: FI.

Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, San Domingo, San Salvador, Venezuela. Widely cultivated, frequently naturalizing. Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, USA. China, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Note: La Duke (1982: 482) and Robinson (2006: 159) incorrectly assigned the rank of variety to Kuntzes taxa. It is quite clear that Kuntze used the rank of variety only for var. diversifolius, and at the same time assigned the epithet grandiflorus the rank of forma; the other taxa are unranked.

Tithonia speciosa (Hook.) Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. : 155 (1866) = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia speciosa (Hook.) Klatt, Ext. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 31: 203 (1893), comb. illegit. superfl. = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia tagetiflora Desf., Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. 1: 49, pl. 4 (1802) = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia tagetiflora Lam., Tab. Encycl. tom. 3: 284 (1823); tom. 2: t. 708 (1797), nom. illegit., later hom. = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia uniflora Desf. ex J. F. Gmel., Syst. Nat., ed. 13, 2(2): 1259 (1792), nom. illegit. = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Tithonia vilmoriniana Pamp., Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908: 133 (1908) = Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake

Trajoceras peucedanifolium Spreng., Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 3: 576 (1826) = Isostigma peucedanifolium (Spreng.) Less.