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Munnozia Ruiz & Pav., Fl. Peru Chil. Prodr. : 108 (1794).

Alibum Less., Syn. Gen. Comp. : 152 (1832). Type: Alibum liaboides Less. = Munnozia liaboides (Less.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Prionolepis Poepp., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 3: 55, tab. 261 (1845). Type: Prionolepis silphoides Poepp. = Munnozia silphoides (Poepp.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Kastnera Sch.Bip., Flora 36: 38 (1853). Type: Kastnera tenera Sch.Bip. = Munnozia ternera (Sch.Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Liabum Adans. subgen. Chrysastrum Willd. ex Sch.Bip. Flora 36(3): 37 (1853). Type: not stated.

Munnozia Ruiz & Pav. subgen. Kastnera (Sch.Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 57 (1974). Type: Munnozia ternera (Sch.Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Chrysastrum Willd. ex Wedd., Chloris Andina 1: 211 (1857) was cited as in nota; nom. nud. in syn. by Robinson (1983: 54). The generic designation Chrysastrum was not validly published, the included species, a name, just a nom. nud.

Lectotype (selected by Robinson & Brettell, 1974: 53): Munnozia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.

References

Blake, S. F. (April 1927). Additions to the Munnozia R. & P. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 311320.

Blake, S. F. (June 1927). New South American species of Liabum. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17(11): 288303.

Cabrera, A. L. (1947). Las especies argentinas del gnero Liabum (Compositae). Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 2(2): 9199.

Kim, H.-G., Funk, V. A., Vlasak, A. & E. A. Zimmer. (2003). A phylogeny of the Munnoziinae (Asteraceae, Liabeae): circumscription of Munnozia and a new placement of M. perfoliata. Pl. Syst. Evol. 239: 171é--185.

Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell. (1974). Studies in the Liabeae (Asteraceae). II. Preliminary survey of genera. Phytologia 28(1): 4363.

Schultz-Bipontinus, C. H. (1853). Triga novorum Cassiniacearum generum. Flora 36(3): 3338.

Munnozia ariste-josephi Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 314 (1927) = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia attenuata Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 317 (1927) = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia cardenasii (Cabrera) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 54 (1974).

*Liabum cardenasii Cabrera, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 14(No. 71): 191 (1949). Type: Bolivia. Cochabamba, camino a Chimor, 2200 m.s.m., leg. Mart n Crdenas, 784, III-1940. Holotype: LP (60353).

Bolivia (Cochabamba).

Munnozia chrysanthemoidea Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 313 (1927) = Munnozia foliosa Rusby

Munnozia deltoidea Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 315 (1927) = Munnozia pinnulosa (Kuntze) H. Rob. & Brettell

Munnozia filipes Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 318 (1927) = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia foliosa Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 312 (1927). Types: á''Collected by M. Bang near Cochabamba, Bolivia, 1891 (No. 1195). Distributed as Liabum Rusbyi Britton, but very distinct from that species. Also collected by Otto Buchtien at Unduavi, Bolivia, 10,000 ft., Nov. 1900 (No. 3032). Buchtien says A shrub, to 2 meters high, with violet flowers. Isosyntypes (Bang 1195): NY (1 sheet marked as Type, NY230709, 1 sheet marked as Isotype, NY230710, both as Munnozia foliosa n. sp. in Rusbys hand), US, Z (000003623).

Munnozia chrysanthemoidea Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 313 (1927). Type: Collected by M. Bang [1581] near Mapiri, Bolivia, 10,000 ft. (?), September, 1892, and distributed and published as Liabum Rusbyi Britton, from which it differs markedly in the form and proportion of the disk corollas, and in other ways. The plant is apparently a shrub, with handsome purple or rose-colored flowers. Holotype: NY; isotypes: NY, US.

Liabum herrerae Cabrera, Revista Univ. Cuzco 33 (87): 119 (1945). Type: [Original publication not seen].

*Liabum foliosum (Rusby) Cabrera , Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 14(No. 71): 193 (1949), in obs..

Munnozia herrerae (Cabrera) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974).

Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz).

Munnozia gigantea (Rusby) Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 312 (1927).

*Liabum giganteum Rusby, Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4(14): 391 (1907). Type: [Bolivia:] Plant 2 to 6 ft. high, in wet, shaded situations as a weed in cultivated ground, the flowers yellow. Sacramento, Yungas, August 14, 1894. ([Bang] No. 2379.) The same collected by Pearce in the valley of Santa Cruz. Isosyntype (Bang 2379): US.

Bolivia (La Paz), Peru.

Munnozia glandulosa (Kuntze) Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 312 (1927).

*Liabum glandulosum Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 163 (1898). Type: Bolivia: 1000 m Rio Juntas. [Bolivia. Rio Juntas, 1000 m, 1321 Apr 1982, Kuntze s.n. according to Wetter & Zanoni, 1985: 334]

Bolivia (La Paz).

?Munnozia hastata Wedd. ex Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 263 (1892), nom. nud. pro syn. = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia hastifolia (Poepp.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974).

*Liabum hastifolium Poepp., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 3: 43 (1843). Type: Crescit in versuris cultorum cum praecedente, nec non in fruticetis circum Missionem Tocache. Augusto iterumque Julio florens lectum. [q.v. Laibum amplexicaule Crescit in insulis arenosis fluminis Tocache Peruviae orientalis Angusto [sic!] florebat.

*Heterotheca deltoidea Klatt, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 9: 358 (1894). Type: Hab.: Peru, leg. dOrbigny, Nr. 466. Holotype: W.

Liabum lactiferum V. M. Badillo, Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 10(No. 68): 312 (1946). Type: Edo. Mrida: cerca de El Gritadero, Torondoy, 1400 m. mayo 20 de 1944 (Badillo 896), tipo; idem. (Badillo 897). Holotype: VEN.

Argentina, Bolivia (Cochabamba, Santa Cruz), Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.

Munnozia herrerae (Cabrera) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974) = Munnozia foliosa Rusby

Munnozia hirta (Kuntze) Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 312 (1927).

*Liabum hirtum Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 163 (1898). Type: é''Bolivia: 1900 m Rio Juntas. [Bolivia. Rio Juntas, 1800 n, 1321 Apr 1892, Kuntze s.n. according to Wetter & Zanoni, 1985: 334]

Bolivia (La Paz).

Munnozia isodonta (S. F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974) = Munozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia laxiflora Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 319 (1927) = Munozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia longifolia Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 313 (1927). Type: Collected by Otto Buchtien at Unduavi, Bolivia, 3300 meters, Nov. 1910 (No. 3079)./ A shrub. Holotype: NY; isotype: US.

*Liabum hexagonum S. F. Blake, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17(11): 300 (1927). Type: Bolivia: Unduavi, North Yungas, alt. 3300 m., Nov. 1910, Buchtien 3079. Holotype: US (43733).

*Liabum longifolium (Rusby) S. F. Blake, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 25: 322 (1935).

Bolivia (La Paz).

Munnozia klattii H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974), nom. nov. pro Liabum corymbosum Sch.Bip. ex Klatt = Munnozia maronii (Andr) H. Rob.

Munnozia maronii (Andr ) H. Rob., Phytologia 35(3): 200 (1977).

Andromachia maronii Andr, Rev. Hortic. : 496 (1887). Type/s?: Il y a deux ans, M. Maron, jardinier en chef au ch teau de Saint-Germain, Prs Corbeil, re ut quelques poignes dune terre venue du Br sil et quil sema avec soin. Lespce la plus voisine de la n tre est une plante trouve par Mandon (no 420) au Chili et tiquete Munnozia, dans lherbier du Mus um;

Liabum (Munnozia) corymbosum Sch.Bip., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 12: 81 (1865); Linnaea 34(5): 535 (Feb. 1866), nom. nud. (based on Mandon 240).

*Liabum corymbosum Sch.Bip. ex Klatt, Ann. K. K. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 9: 363 (1894). Type: Hab.: Viciniis Sorata, [Valle rivi Challasuyo,] in nemoribus, leg. G. Mandon, regione temp., ad 27003000 m., Jan.-Nov. 1852, Nr. 240. Holotype: W; isotypes: GH 2 (9733, 9734), GOET, RB, US. Note: The label data actually reads Jun9br 1858 which is equivalent to September, not November.

Munnozia klattii H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974), nom. nov. pro Liabum corymbosum Sch.Bip. ex Klatt

Bolivia (La Paz).

Munnozia megacephala (Sch.Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974) = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia muricata Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 315 (1927) = Munnozia pinnulosa (Kuntze) H. Rob. & Brettell

Munnozia pinnulosa (Kuntze) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 56 (1974).

*Liabum pinnulosum Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 163 (1898). Type: Bolivia: 2600 m zwischen La Seja und Santa Rosa. L. hastifolium Poeppig & Endl. gen. III 43 ex descr. weicht ab petiolis basi nudis tomento deciduo floccoso adspersi Flores aurantii. [Bolivia. Zwischen La Seja und Santa Rosa, 2600 m, Apr 1892, Kuntze s.n. according to Wetter & Zanoni, 1985: 334] Holotype: NY

Munnozia muricata Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 315 (1927). Type: Collected by Otto Buchtien at Unduavi, Bolivia, 3300 meters, November 1910, (No. 681). Holotype: ; isotype: US.

Munnozia deltoidea Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 315 (1927). Type: Rusby 1744. [Note: in a contorted explanation, Rusby mentioned Bang 670 and Buchtien 475 as well, and these are to be taken as paratypes.]

Bolivia (La Paz).

Munnozia polymnioides (DC.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 56 (1974) = Erato polymnioides DC.

Munnozia rusbyi (Britton) Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 312 (1927).

*Liabum rusbyi Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 263 (1892). Type: Mapiri, 10,000 ft. ([Rusby] 1745). Holotype: NY; isotype: US.

Bolivia (La Paz).

Munnozia sagittata Wedd., Chloria Andina 1: 211 (1857) = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia sagittata (Sch.Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 56 (1974), com. illegit. = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia senecionidis Benth., Pl. Hartweg. : 134 (1840). Type: In montibus Paccha. [Hartweg ]

Liabum sagittatum Sch.Bip., Flora 36(3): 37 (1853). Types: = Chrysartrum Willd. herba n. 16525 e Peruvia calidis: Humboldt! folia habet supra glabra. Eandem habeo e Nova Granada, prov. Bogota, salto de Tequendama, alt. 72007800 ped. Dec. 1842: Linden! n. 805, et e prov. Pamplona, La Baja, alt. 8000 ped. Dec. 1846. Funk et Schlimm! n. 1293. Syntypes: B.

Liabum megacephalum Sch.Bip., Flora 36(3): 38 (1853). Types: Venezuela, prov. Merida-Jaji, alt 7500 ped. Nov. 1846: Funk et Schlimm! ,. 1201; et Colombia, colonia Tovar, in sylvis umbrosis ad viam La bictor in summis montibus. Junio, Julio: Moritz! n. 837.

Munnozia sagittata Wedd., Chloria Andina 1: 211 (1857), Types: [Ecuador:] Hab. In Andibus quitensibus, regione frigida sylvatica, alt. 3000 metr. (Jameson, exsicc., ann. 1856, n. 392) et [Colombia:] in prov. Bogota et Pamplona Nov. Granatae (Humb. et Bonpl.; Goudot; Funck et Schlim, exsicc., n. 1293).

Chrysastrum sagittatum Willd. ex Wedd., Chloris Andina 1: 211 (1855), nom. nud. pro syn.

*Liabum hastatum (Wedd.) Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 263 (1892).

?Munnozia hastata Wedd. ex Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 263 (1892), nom. nud. pro syn.

Munnozia ariste-josephi Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54: 314 (1927). Type: Collected by Brother Ariste-Joseph, at Guassia, Colombia, Sept. 1919 (No. A455). Holotype: NY.

Munnozia strigulosa Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 317 (1927). Type/s?: Collected by F. W. Pennell, along roadside, on a forested slope of Tequendema, Cundinamarca, Colombia, 2300 to 2400 meters, Sept. 15, 1917 (No. 1970). No. 4432, from the State of Bolivae, Cordillera Occidental, 2800 to 3100 meters, a shrub with yellow flowers, is probably a form of the same, although its involucral scales are scarcely acute and are somewhat arachnoid. It is less likely that No. 7450 belongs to this species. This is a climbing shrub, with yellow flowers, from Mt. Santa Ana, Cauca, 2800 to 3000 meters, June 2930, 1922.

Munnozia attenuata Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 317 (1927). Types: Collected by Rusby and Pennell in the edge of a bog, at Balsillas, Huila, Colombia, 2000 to 2200 meters, August 35, 1917 (No. 769)./A shrub, with light yellow flowers, It appears to be identical with Lehmanns No. B.T. 1206, from Ecuador.

Munnozia filipes Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 318 (1927). Type: Collected by Rusby and Pennell in the forest west of Balsillas, Colombia, 2,00 to 2200 meters, Aug. 36, 1917 (No. 911, the type). Holotype: NY.

Munnozia laxiflora Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 319 (1927). Types: Collected by Pennell and Killip, in the Cordillera Central, Colombia, July 1112, 1922, above tree level, 3300 to 3400 meters (No. 6518)./ Apparently belonging to this species are Trianas No. 1150 from New Granada and Sodiros No. 594, from the mountains of Alacatzo, Ecuador. This has been called Liabum sagittatum by Schultes-Bipontinus, but this name cannot obtain under Munnozia, as it is preoccuppied. Pennells 3154, a tall herb from the Murillo Road, Tolima, is identical with Trianas plant.

Liabum isodontum S. F. Blake, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17(11): 298 (1927). Type: Bolivia: Unduavi, North Yungas, alt. 3300 m., Nov. 1910, Buchtien 4808. Holotype: US (1,179,268).

Liabum taeniotrichum S. F. Blake, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17(11): 298 (1927). Type: Peru: Province of Chachapoyas, Mathews. Holotype: K; isotype: US (fragment).

Munnozia megacephala (Sch.Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974)

Munnozia sagittata (Sch.Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974).

Munnozia isodonta (S. F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 55 (1974)

Munnozia taeniotricha (S. F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 56 (1974).

Bolivia (La Paz), Peru, Venezuela.

Munnozia strigulosa Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 54(4): 317 (1927) = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.

Munnozia subviridis (S. F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 1974).

*Liabum subviride S. F. Blake, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17(11): 294 (1927). Type: Peru: Shrub with yellow flowers, Lucumayo Valley, not far from Ollantaytambo, Prov. Cuzco, alt. 18003600 m., 19 June 1915, O. F. Cook & G. B. Gilbert 1365. Holotype: US (604546).

Bolivia (?), Peru.

Munnozia taeniotricha (S. F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Phytologia 28(1): 56 (1974) = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.