Delonix decaryi (fengoky)
Delonix decaryi, a tree with a cigar-shaped trunk, is found in the dry spiny forest of Madagascar, and sometimes planted as a living fence.
Species information
- Scientific name: Delonix decaryi (R. Vig.) Capuron
- Common name(s): fengoky (Malagasy)
- Synonym(s): Poinciana decaryi
- Conservation status: Near Threatened (NT) according to IUCN Red List criteria.
- Habitat: Malagasy spiny forest.
- Key uses: Construction, shade-tree, living fence.
- Known hazards: None known.
Taxonomy
- Class: Equisetopsida
- Subclass: Magnoliidae
- Superorder: Rosanae
- Order: Fabales
- Family: Leguminosae/ Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae
- Genus: Delonix
About this species
A member of the pea and bean family (Leguminosae), Delonix decaryi is a white-flowered tree which grows in the threatened, dry spiny forest habitat of Madagascar.
Geography & Distribution
Found only in the dry spiny forest of south and south-western Madagascar, where it is confined almost entirely to the coastal forest margins.
Description
Delonix decaryi with butterfly (Image: Malin Rivers)
Delonix decaryi is a tree measuring 3-10 m tall, with a swollen cigar-shaped trunk with flaking bark. The leaves are bipinnate (having leaflets which are themselves divided into leaflets). The flowers are large (7-8 cm), with white petals; the upper petal having a large yellow blotch. The stamens (male parts) and style (female part) are pink or red. The pods are long and slender and measure about 35 x 3.5 cm.
D. decaryi is thought to be moth-pollinated. Its white petals open at night and have red, protruding stamens, and the upper petal bears a narrowly tubular, nectar-secreting claw.
Threats & Conservation
Delonix decaryi is rated as Near Threatened because its native habitat is severely threatened by slash-and-burn agriculture, charcoal production, grazing by domestic cattle and goats, and uncontrolled bush fires.
Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank Partnership has collected seeds of D. decaryi and is storing them ex situ in the Kew seed bank in the UK, as well as in Madagascar.
How you can help Kew save the world’s plant life and habitats at risk of extinction
Uses
Cuttings of the branches are often planted in villages or around tombs, to form a ‘living fence’. Occasionally the trunks are used to make canoes or coffins. The resin is used as a glue and the unripe seeds are reported to be edible.
This species at Kew
Dried and spirit-preserved specimens of Delonix decaryi are held in the behind-the-scenes Herbarium at Kew, where they are made available to researchers from around the world, by appointment. The details, including an image, of some of these specimens can be seen on-line in the Herbarium Catalogue.
Useful Links
Delonix decaryi in a Malagasy village (Image: Malin Rivers)
Search Kew's databases for more information on this species
Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank Partnership
Meet Kew’s Madagascar science team
Meet Kew’s Leguminosae science team
Buy The Leguminosae of Madagascar by David Du Puy et al.
The CEPF Madagascar Vegetation Mapping Project - vegetation map of Madagascar
References & Credits
Du Puy, D.J., Labat, J-N., Rabevohitra, R., Villiers, J-F., Bosser, J. & Moat, J. (2002). The Leguminosae of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Du Puy, D.J., Phillipson, P. & Rabevohitra, R. (1995). The genus Delonix (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Caesalpinieae) in Madagascar. Kew Bull. 50: 445-475.
Kew Science Editor: Malin Rivers
Copyediting: Emma Tredwell
While every effort has been taken to ensure that the information contained in these pages is reliable and complete, the notes on hazards, edibility and suchlike included here are recorded information and do not constitute recommendations. No responsibility will be taken for readers’ own actions. Full website terms and conditions.
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