Sandalwood

Sandalwood trees are the source of an attractive and fragrant wood. The wood is popular for wood carving, and is the source of sandal oil. The oil is valued for perfumery and incense. Sadly, the popularity of sandalwood has led to severe conservation problems.
Photograph of sandalwood carving from the 19th century.
An uncertain future
India accounts for 90% of world production of sandal oil, but production is declining as too many trees are cut down.
A far-flung tree
East Indian sandalwood and other species have also been harvested for their oil in Indonesia, Fiji and Australia. Overharvesting has been a common problem. The USA and France are two of the biggest importers.
Not just a pretty face
Sandalwood doesn't just smell nice. Scientific research has shown that the oil has soothing and anti-bacterial properties on the skin. It is added to hair oils and body lotions.
Parasites
Sandalwood trees are semi-parasitic - they tap into the nutrient supply of nearby plants. Some 300 species are known to have been parasitised by sandalwood.