Subfamily

VI. Subfam. Lamioideae Harley (2003)

Subfam. Stachyoideae (Dumort.) Luerss. (1882); Briq. in Engl. & Prantl (1895) et auct. mult., p.p., typ. incl.

Subfam. Prasioideae (Benth.) Thomé (1889)

Subfam. Pogostemonoideae P.D. Cantino, Harley & Wagstaff in Harley & Reynolds (1992).

Description

Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs with simple hairs; leaves usually toothed, petiolate or at least narrowed at base; inflorescence thyrsoid or rarely racemoid; calyx zygomorphic, 2-lipped, or sometimes actinomorphic, 5-10(-12)-lobed, lobes variously unequal or rarely equal, mostly spinose; corolla strongly 2-lipped, 4-lobed (1/3), white or rarely slightly reddish, posterior lip long or moderately long, hooded, bearded and densely pubescent outside with whitish hairs; stamens not or only shortly exserted from corolla, thecae confluent or weakly distinct; stigma-lobes unequal to sometimes equal; nutlets with apex truncate or rounded, with or without glands, otherwise glabrous or rarely shortly eglandular hairy. 2n = (20), 22, (24), (26), 28 (30). About 100 spp., mostly dry or disturbed ground, tropical to southern Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Iran to S China, Taiwan, Japan and SE Asia, some spp., especially L. martinicensis (Jacq.) R. Br., introduced as weeds elsewhere.

Distribution

Native to:

20 Northern Africa
21 Macaronesia
22 West Tropical Africa
23 West-Central Tropical Africa
24 Northeast Tropical Africa
25 East Tropical Africa
26 South Tropical Africa
27 Southern Africa
29 Western Indian Ocean
34 Western Asia
35 Arabian Peninsula
36 China
38 Eastern Asia
40 Indian Subcontinent
41 Indo-China
42 Malesia
43 Papuasia
50 Australia
60 Southwestern Pacific
61 South-Central Pacific
62 Northwestern Pacific

Introduced to:

63 North-Central Pacific
80 Central America

Present, but doubtfully native to:

81 Caribbean
84 Brazil

Synonyms

Hemistemma Rchb., Consp. Regn. Veg.: 116 (1828).

Hemistoma Ehrenb. ex Benth. in N.Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1: 60 (1830).

Lasiocorys Benth., Labiat. Gen. Spec.: 600 (1834).

Blandinia Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 88 (1837).

Elbunis Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 88 (1837).

Eneodon Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 88 (1837).

Heptrilis Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 89 (1837).

Hetrepta Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 88 (1837).

Isodeca Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 88 (1837).

Leucasia Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 88 (1837).

Physoleucas Jaub. & Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 48 (1855).

Publication

Leucas Burm. ex R. Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl.: 504 (1810); Sebald, Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. A. 308: 1-42 (1978); 341: 1-200 (1980); Singh, Monograph on Indian Leucas R. Br. (Dronapushpi) Lamiaceae (2001).

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Subfamily

Description

Distribution

Synonyms

Publication

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