Subfamily

V. Subfam. Scutellarioideae (Dumort.) Caruel (1884).

Description

Tall shrub with long arching branches; leaves opposite, petiolate, broadly ovate to deltoid, finely toothed; inflorescence of lax cymes, grading into a terminal thyrse; bracts much reduced; bracteoles usually present in pairs; calyx actinomorphic, strongly accrescent, 5-lobed, lobes broadly rounded, tube patelliform, subtruncate; corolla bright red, zygomorphic, 5-lobed, lobes with margins recurved, posterior pair smallest, anterior lobe largest, tube curved; stamens slightly exserted, thecae parallel; ovary lobed on sides only, glandular-verrucose; disc poorly developed; nutlets slightly fleshy, tuberculate, glabrous, conspicuously glandular, attachment-scar lateral, 0.5-0.6x as long as nutlet; endosperm present; embryo spatulate. 2n = 32, 36. One sp., Holmskioldia sanguinea Retz., native to the subtropical Himalayan region but widely grown as an ornamental in warm climates and often naturalized.

Distribution

Native to:

40 Indian Subcontinent
41 Indo-China

Introduced to:

26 South Tropical Africa
29 Western Indian Oce
36 China
42 Malesia
60 Southwestern Pacific
63 North-Central Pacific
79 Mexico
80 Central America
81 Caribbean
82 Northern South America
83 Western South America
84 Brazil

Synonyms

Hastingia K.D.Koenig ex Sm., Exot. Bot. 2: 41 (1806).

Platunum A.Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 7: 76 (1806).

Publication

Holmskioldia Retz., Observ. Bot. 6: 31 (1791); R. Fernandes, Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot., Lisboa 7: 33-46 (1985).

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Species found in RBG Kew living collections