ARECA

A. andersonii J.Dransf.

BEL.: Andulau, Sg. Lumut, Ariffin BRUN 15726. Without prov.: BRUN 15222; BRUN 15726 · Borneo (Sarawak)

A. arundinacea Becc.

· HAB: near running fresh water

BEL: Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 1608 · Borneo: Sarawak

A. insignis (Becc.) J.Dransf. var. insignis

· VEG: LMDF, Secondary Forest · HAB: near running fresh water · GEO: Lambir formation · ALT: 20-60 m

BEL: Labi, Sungai Rampayoh, Atkins 597; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 548; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Coode 6816; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Dransfield J. 802 · Borneo: Sarawak

A. insignis (Becc.) J.Dransf. var. moorei (J.Dransf.) J.Dransf.

· VEG: Kerangas, LMDF, HDF · HAB: steep slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation; Loam · ALT: sea level-200 m

BEL: Labi, Johns 6884; Melilas, De Vogel 8878; Melilas, Batu Patam, Wong 1052; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6559 · Borneo: Sarawak

A. kinabaluensis Furt.

· HAB: open ridge top · ALT: 1020 m

TEM.: Amo, Gn Pagon, Wong 1889 · Borneo

A. minuta Scheff. - Enjuok (Dus.), Landai Tiwow (Dus.), Pinang Surok Palandok (Ib.)

Treelet, shrub · VEG: Peatswamp Forest with Shorea albida, Kerangas, LMDF, Degraded LMDF, HDF, Lower Montane Forest · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, terrace, ridge; periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, Meligan formation, White sand, sandstone, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits; clay soil, Brown clay-loam · ALT: 1160 m

BEL: Bt. Sawat, UBD plot, Thomas 219; Bukit Sawat, Jln. Labi, Dransfield J. 6523; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6570; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6571; Melilas, Ulu Belait, Sands 5884; Seria, Kpg. Badas, Ashton A 137. TEM: Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Nielsen 1058; Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Nielsen 1087; Amo, Batu Apoi F.R., K Belalong FSC, Hansen 1587; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1357; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1358; Amo, Bukit Tudal, Davis 466; Amo, Bukit Tudal, Davis 478; Amo, K. Belalong, Ashton A 57; Amo, K. Belalong, Ashton A 58; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6624; Amo, K. Belalong, Wong 220; Amo, K. Belalong, Wong 221; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Ashton BRUN 5234; Batu Apoi, Bt. Gelagas (Bt. Suang), Simpson 2227. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Dransfield J. 6898; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 181; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 382 · Borneo

A. subacaulis (Becc.) J.Dransf.

TUT.: Telisai, Bt. Beruang, Ariffin Kalat 55 · Borneo: Sarawak

ARENGA

A. 'distincta' Mogea ined.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20-100 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6627; Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6941 · Borneo

A. hastata (Becc.) Whitmore - Dudus (Br.)

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Jln. Sg. Mau-Merimbun, Wong 372 · Malaya, Borneo

A. undulatifolia Becc. - Aping (Ib.), Jakah (Pen.), Mengkala (Br., Mal.), Ramok (Dus.)

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 100-150 m · USES: Edible shoot, leaves used to make trap

TUT: Lamunin, Dransfield J. 6814; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 161· Borneo, Sulawesi, Philippines

BORASSODENDRON

B. borneense J.Dransf. - Bidang (Ib.)

Tree palm · VEG: LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: gentle slope; periodically flooded · GEO: sandstone, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits · ALT: 20-30 m

TEM: Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6947; Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6948. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Dransfield J. 6876 · Borneo

CALAMUS

C. acanthochlamys J.Dransf.

Liana · VEG: Alluvial Forest, LMDF · HAB: valley bottom, gentle slope, ridge; waterfall spray zone, near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits; stony; clay soil, sandy soil · ALT: 20-70 m

BEL: Labi, Dransfield J. 6539; Labi, Dransfield J. 6542; Labi, Wong 538; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6607. TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1364; Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6932; Batu Apoi, Selapon, Dransfield J. 7459. TUT: Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7056; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7090 · Borneo

C. amplijugus J.Dransf.

· VEG: Degraded LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 20-350 m

BEL: Labi, Dransfield J. 6544; Labi, Dransfield J. 6548. TEM: Amo, Stockdale 47; Amo, Stockdale 49; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 38. Without prov.: BRUN 15124 · Borneo

C. ashtonii J.Dransf.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: steep slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 50- 2100 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6578; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6580; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6603. TEM: Amo, Bukit Belalong, Stockdale 55 · Borneo: Sarawak

C. axillaris Becc. - Uwai Taut (Dus.), Wi Gemaing (Dus., Ib.), Wi Lemaing (Ib.)

Seasonal watercourse, periodically flooded · VEG: Freshwater Swamp Forest, Peatswamp Forest · HAB: flat ground; seasonal watercourse, periodically flooded; near running fresh water, near still fresh water · GEO: alluvial deposits · ALT: 10 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Sg. Mau-Sg. Belait confluence, Wong 1620; Labi, Jln. Labi, Wong 519; Sungai Liang, Labi Road, Dransfield J. 6726. Without prov.: BRUN 15141 · Malaya, Borneo

C. blumei Becc.

· VEG: Peatswamp Forest, Degraded LMDF, HDF · HAB: steep slope, ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 80-900 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Jln. Labi, Wong 542; Sungei Liang, Andulau F.R., Dransfield J. 7253. TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7131; Amo, Sg. Temburong Machang, Wong 1987 · Malaya, Borneo

C. comptus J.Dransf. - Uwai Pios (Dus.), Wi Tunggal (Ib.)

Liana · VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge; near running fresh water · ALT: 150-500 m · USES: Used for weaving carrier

TEM: Amo, Stockdale 20; Amo, Stockdale 45; Amo, Stockdale 69; Amo, Wong 1693; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1389. TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 13 · Borneo

C. conirostris Becc. - Uwai Pegit (Dus.), Wi Danum (Ib.)

Climber · VEG: Kerangas, LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation; Podsol · ALT: 120-900 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Merangking Buau, Coode 7679; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6575; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6587; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6590; Sungai Liang, Arboretum Reserve, Wong 945. TEM: Amo, Stockdale 17; Amo, Stockdale 46; Amo, Stockdale 67; Amo, Wong 479; Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 4; Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 8; Amo, Kerangan Meritam, BRUN 15632. Without prov.: BRUN 15093; BRUN 15341; BRUN 15399 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

C. convallium J.Dransf.

· HAB: ridge; seasonal watercourse; near running fresh water · GEO: stony

TEM: Amo, Wong 1917 · Borneo

C. diepenhorstii Miq.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: steep slope · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 50-140 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6583; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6604 · S Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines

C. aff. divaricatus Becc.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 120-150 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6586 · Calamus divaricatus is known from Borneo

C. divaricatus Becc. var. divaricatus

Climber · VEG: Lower Montane Forest · HAB: ridge · GEO: Meligan formation; Brown clay-loam · ALT: 990-1160 m

TEM: Amo, Bukit Tudal, Davis 461 · Borneo

C. erinaceus (Becc.) J.Dransf.

· VEG: Mangrove · HAB: near sea water · GEO: Coastal beach sand

TUT: Telisai, Kpg. Danau, Wong 2094 · S Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines

C. flabellatus Becc. - Wi Takong (Ib.)

Climber · VEG: LMDF, Lower Montane Forest, Upper Montane Forest · HAB: gentle slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation, Meligan formation; Brown clay-loam · ALT: 70-1160 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6592. TEM: Johns 6520; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1383; Amo, Bukit Tudal, Davis 460. Without prov.: BRUN 15123; BRUN 15484 · Malaya, Borneo

C. gonospermus Becc.

Climber · VEG: LMDF, Degraded HDF · HAB: gentle slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 30-170 m

BEL: Labi, Dransfield J. 6528; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6613; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 490. TEM: Amo, Bukit Belalong, Stockdale 58 · Borneo

C. hispidulus Becc.

Liana · VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: steep slope, ridge · GEO: sandstone, Setap Shales · ALT: 230-750 m

TEM: Amo, Wong 1737; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7124. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 507; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7028; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7059; Rambai, Tasik Merimbun, Wong 341. Without prov.: BRUN 15744 · Borneo

C. javensis Blume - Uwai Peladas (Dus., Br.), Uwai Podos (Dus.), Wi Anak (Ib.), Wi Peladas (Ib.)

Liana, climber · VEG: LMDF, HDF, Upper Montane Forest · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone, Setap Shales; Brown clay-loam; Leaf litter · ALT: 50-210 m · USES: Used to make fish traps, carrying baskets

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6591. TEM: Johns 6509; Johns 6673A; Amo, Ashton A 289; Amo, Ashton A 487; Amo, Wong 1907; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7122; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7123; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1386; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 745; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 792; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 831; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6716; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 37; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7388. TUT: Lamunin, Kpg. Lamunin, Wong 504; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7022; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 355 · S Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines

C. kiahii Furtado

· VEG: Lower Montane Forest

TEM: Amo, Wong 1812 · Borneo

C. laevigatus Mart. var. laevigatus - Rotan Liah (Br., Mal.), Wi Anak (Ib.)

Climber · VEG: LMDF, HDF, Open areas · HAB: ridge, sharp ridge · GEO: Setap Shales; Loam · ALT: 20-850 m

BEL: Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Fuchs 21153. TEM: Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 11; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7111. TUT: Lamunin, Dransfield J. 6805 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

C. laevigatus Mart. var. mucronatus (Becc.) J.Dransf. - Rotan Peladas (Br.), Uwai Padas (Dus.), Wi Anak (Ib.)

· VEG: HDF · HAB: ridge, sharp ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 750-900 m

TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7109; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1360; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1388; Amo, K. Belalong, Stockdale 13; Amo, K. Belalong, Stockdale 54; Bangar, Bt. Biang, Ashton A 169 · Borneo

C. lambirensis J.Dransf. - Uwai Pagau (Dus., Br.)

· VEG: LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: sandstone · ALT: 360-1200 m

BEL: Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 30; Sungei Liang, Andulau F.R., Dransfield J. 7236. TEM: Bangar, Bt. Biang, Ashton A 90 · Borneo: Sarawak

C. leloi J.Dransf.

Without prov.: BRUN 15406 · Borneo (Sarawak)

C. marginatus (Blume) Mart. - Uwai Pagit (Dus.), Wi Matahari (Ib.)

Liana · VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, ridge; impeded drainage, periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation; alluvial deposits · ALT: 50-1000 m · USES: Used for tying

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Sg. Mau-Sg. Belait confluence, Wong 1622; Sukang, Sungai Paleh Bangawong, Kirkup 661; Sungai Liang, Sungei Liang Arboretem, Wong 142. TEM: Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 790; Amo, K. Belalong, Jalan Tengah, Stockdale 64. TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 338 · Sumatra, Borneo

C. muricatus Becc. - Wi Tunggal (Ib.)

Liana, climber · VEG: LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, Setap Shales; clay soil, sandy clay soil · ALT: 20-700 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Merangking Buau, Coode 7678; Labi, Dransfield J. 6545; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 551; Sungai Liang, Compartment 7, BRUN 15249. TEM: Amo, Stockdale 10; Amo, Stockdale 70; Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 24; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6711; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 29; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 32; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Ashton BRUN 5239. Without prov.: BRUN 15347 · Borneo

C. myriacanthus Becc. - Uwai Jimpalak (Dus.)

· VEG: Peatswamp Forest with Shorea albida, LMDF · ALT: 20 m · USES: Edible shoot

BEL: Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 491. TUT: Rambai, Sg. Medit, Simpson 2535; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 245 · Borneo

C. nanodendron J.Dransf. - Wi Mata Hari (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF

BEL: Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 324 · Borneo

C. optimus Becc. - Wi Sego (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 100-170 m

BEL: Labi, Wong 524; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6614 · Borneo

C. ornatus Blume - Uwai Kiton (Dus.)

Liana · USES: Edible fruit or made into sambal

TEM: Amo, Stockdale 71. TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 274 · S Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, Philippines

C. oxleyanus Miq.

· VEG: Kerangas · HAB: ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 190-200 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6561; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6563 · S Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

C. paspalanthus Becc. - Wi Singkau (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: steep slope · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 40-70 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6672 · Malaya, Borneo

C. pilosellus Becc. - Wi Labu (Ib.)

· VEG: Kerangas · HAB: ridge · GEO: Belait formation; · ALT: 350 m

TEM: Amo, Bukit Belalong, Stockdale 56; Labu ?, Dransfield J. 6620; Labu ?, Dransfield J. 6621 · Borneo

C. pogonacanthus Becc. - Uwai Taut (Dus.), Wi Tut (Ib.)

· VEG: Peatswamp Forest, LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: flat ground, gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits; stony; clay soil · ALT: 20-900 m · USES: Used for weaving and tying

BEL: Melilas, Ulu Ingei, Sands 5918. TEM: Amo, Ashton A 286; Amo, Stockdale 18; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 903; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6657; Amo, K. Belalong, Wong 265; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 50; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7363. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Dransfield J. 6893; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 32. Without prov.: BRUN 15125 · Borneo

C. praetermissus J.Dransf.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20-500 m

TEM: Amo, Stockdale 43; Amo, Wong 1735; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6630; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 27 · Borneo

C. ruvidus Becc.

Without prov.: BRUN 15066 · Borneo

C. sarawakensis Becc. - Uwai Bulu Giok (Dus.)

· USES: Used for tying and making tekiding

TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 337 · Borneo

C. scipionum Lour.

· VEG: Old Rubber Plantation · HAB: flat ground · ALT: 20 m

BEL: Labi, Kpg. Labi, Dransfield J. 7289. Without prov.: BRUN 15202 · Indochina to Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines

C. aff. semoi Becc.

· VEG: HDF · HAB: steep slope, ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 700-800 m

TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7117; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1407 · Calamus semoi is known from Borneo

C. sordidus J.Dransf. - Wi Taram (Ib.)

Climber · VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20-900 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Stockdale 1; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6633; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6718; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 25; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 26; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 30; Amo, Sg. Belalong, Sands 5578. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 514 · Borneo

C. zonatus Becc. - Wi Pagau (Ib.), Wi Pagau (Ib.)

Liana · VEG: Degraded Peatswamp Forest, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20- 900 m

TEM: Amo, Wong 1736; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7133; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1408; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 34. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 508; Rambai, Sg. Tutong, Simpson 2635 · Borneo

C. sp. nov. 1 - Wi Tulang (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 70- 80 m

BEL: Labi, Bt. Teraja, Dransfield J. 7027; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6593.

C. sp. nov. 2

Acaulescent · VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; impeded drainage · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 40-850 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7066; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6669; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6671; Amo, K. Belalong, Jalan Tengah, Stockdale 15; Amo, K. Belalong, Stockdale 60.

C. spp. indet.

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6599; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6601; Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 613. TEM: Amo, Temburong River, BRUN 15623. TUT: Lamunin, Dransfield J. 6809.

CARYOTA

C. mitis Lour.

· VEG: Old Rubber Plantation · HAB: flat ground · ALT: 20 m

BEL: Labi, Kpg. Labi, Dransfield J. 7286 · Widespread in SE Asia to Sulawesi

CERATOLOBUS

C. concolor Blume

· VEG: HDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 400-850 m

TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7149; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 22; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 33; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 40. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 511 · Sumatra, Borneo

C. discolor Becc.

· VEG: LMDF · ALT: 100-200 m

BEL: Labi, Labi Hills F. R., Coode 6830; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 489. Without prov.: BRUN 15120 · Sumatra, Borneo

C. subangulatus (Miq.) Becc.

· VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 80-250 m

District not traced: Jalan Tengah, Stockdale 52. BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6576; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 322. TEM: Amo, Wong 1739; Amo, K. Belalong, Wong 1186; Batu Apoi, Bt. Gelagas (Bt. Suang), Simpson 2364. Without prov.: BRUN 15143; BRUN 15408 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

CYRTOSTACHYS

C. renda Blume - Raring (Dus.)

· VEG: Degraded Kerangas · HAB: flat ground · GEO: White sand · ALT: 50 m · USES: Wood used in house construction, bark as flooring, leaves in roofing

BEL: Labi, Jln. Labi, Dransfield J. 7279. TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 278 · S Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

DAEMONOROPS

D. asteracantha Becc.

· VEG: Lower Montane Forest, Upper Montane Forest · HAB: ridge · ALT: 1350-1430 m

TEM: Johns 6521; Amo, Ashton A 251; Amo, Ashton A 259; Amo, Bt. Pagon, Wong 1762; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 449; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 791 · Borneo

D. atra J.Dransf.

· HAB: ridge · ALT: 220 m

TUT: Johns 7578.

D. collarifera Becc.

· VEG: LMDF

BEL: Andulau F.R., Ashton S 21574; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Jacobs 5658; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 550 · Borneo

D. cristata Becc.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 100-170 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6618. Without prov.: BRUN 15092 · Borneo

D. didymophylla Becc. - Wi Darum (Ib.)

TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 513 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

D. fissa Blume

Climber · VEG: Degraded Empran, Peatswamp Forest, HDF · HAB: flat ground; impeded drainage, periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: Setap Shales; peat · ALT: 850 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Kpg. Sungei Mau, Dransfield J. 7291; Kuala Balai, K. Balai, BRUN 15643. TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7145 · Borneo

D. formicaria Becc. - Uwai Singkurung (Dus.)

Liana · VEG: Kerangas, LMDF · HAB: steep slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 190-210 m · USES: Edible fruit, rattan used for tying

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6573; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 323. TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 470; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 487 · Borneo

D. ingens J.Dransf. - Podowon (Dus.), Wi Baloboh (Ib.)

Acaulescent · VEG: LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: valley bottom, gentle slope, steep slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone, Setap Shales; yellow clay soil · ALT: 20-420 m · USES: Edible fruit

BEL: Melilas, Batu Patam, Wong 1093; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6612. TEM: Amo, Wong 1893; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7403; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7406. TUT: Lamunin, Dransfield J. 6891; Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Sands 5706; Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Sands 5707; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 183. Without prov.: BRUN 15414 · Borneo

D. korthalsii Blume - Wi Taram (Ib.)

· VEG: Degraded LMDF, Secondary Forest · HAB: gentle slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20-700 m

TEM: Amo, Stockdale 39; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6655; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 36; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 48. TUT: Lamunin, Kpg. Lamunin, Wong 65 · Borneo

D. longipes (Griff.) Mart.

Liana, acaulescent · VEG: Alluvial Forest, LMDF, Degraded LMDF, Secondary Forest · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; impeded drainage; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone, Setap Shales; sandy soil · ALT: 20-850 m

District not traced: Jalan Tengah, Stockdale 16; Stockdale 61. BEL: Labi, Dransfield J. 6549; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6581; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6582. TEM: Amo, Stockdale 21; Amo, Stockdale 42; Amo, Stockdale 44; Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Poulsen 42; Amo, Bukit Belalong, Stockdale 57; Amo, Bukit Belalong, Stockdale 59; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6713; Amo, Kerangan Maritim, BRUN 15279. TUT: Lamunin, Kpg. Lamunin, Wong 62; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7073. Without prov.: BRUN 15400; BRUN 15415 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo, Palawan

D. longispatha Becc. - Wi Belubu (Br., Dus.)

· GEO: White sand

TUT: Telisai, Wong 148. Without prov.: BRUN 15305 · Borneo

D. longistipes Burret

· VEG: Lower Montane Forest · HAB: gentle slope, ridge

TEM: Amo, Wong 1914; Amo, Bt. Pagon, Wong 1756; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 789 · Borneo

D. maculata J.Dransf.

· VEG: Kerangas · HAB: steep slope · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone · ALT: 200-210 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6557. TUT: Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 6987 · Borneo

D. microstachys Becc.

Liana, acaulescent · VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: steep slope, ridge; impeded drainage, periodically flooded · GEO: Belait formation, Lambir formation, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits; Brown clay-loam; Leaf litter · ALT: 500 m

District not traced: Jalan Tengah, Stockdale 53; Stockdale 62; Stockdale 63. BEL: Labi, Bt. Teraja, Sands 5457; Labi, Bt. Teraja, Simpson 2127; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Ashton S 21572. TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1390; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6670; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7380. TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 468 · Borneo

D. oblata J.Dransf.

· VEG: Kerapah · GEO: White sand, Setap Shales · ALT: 30 m

TEM: Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6954. TUT: Telisai, Wong 147. Without prov.: BRUN 15380 · Borneo

D. oxycarpa Becc. - Uwai Bintango (Dus.), Wi Tulang (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge · ALT: 700-900 m · USES: Edible shoot and fruit, use for weaving baskets etc.

BEL: Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 81. TEM: Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 9; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1418. TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 65. Without prov.: BRUN 15083; BRUN 15313; BRUN 15407 · Borneo

D. cf. oxycarpa Becc.

Liana · VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: sandstone · ALT: 300 m

TUT: Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7045.

D. periacantha Miq. - Uwai Lambat (Br., Dus.), Wi Empunok (Ib.)

Liana · VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: sandstone; sandy soil · ALT: 750 m

BEL: Labi, Sg. Rampayoh, Coode 7280; Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 609; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 321. TEM: Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 3; Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 5; Amo, Belalong, Stockdale 7; Amo, K. Belalong, Wong 224; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 2 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

D. ruptilis Becc. var. acaulescens J.Dransf. - Wi Tulang (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 120-180 m

BEL: Labi, Bt. Telingan, Dransfield J. 6829; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 494 · Borneo

D. ruptilis Becc. var. ruptilis

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 140-150 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6577 · Borneo

D. sabut Becc. - Wi Lepoh (Ib.)

Liana, climber · VEG: Secondary Forest · HAB: steep slope, ridge · GEO: sandstone · ALT: 210-220 m

BEL: Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 637. TUT: Johns 7600; Lamunin, Kpg. Lamunin, Wong 66; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7037 · Malaya, Borneo

D. scapigera Becc.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 70-80 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6595 · Malaya, Borneo

D. sparsiflora Becc.

Climber · VEG: Peatswamp Forest, LMDF, Degraded LMDF, Secondary Forest · HAB: steep slope, ridge; impeded drainage, periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: sandstone, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits; peat · ALT: 20 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Sg. Mau-Sg. Belait confluence, Wong 1621; Kuala Balai, K. Balai, BRUN 15649; Labi, Wong 69. TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1420; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 832; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6656. TUT: Lamunin, Kpg. Lamunin, Wong 54. Without prov.: BRUN 15095; BRUN 15200 · Borneo

D. sp. nov. aff. D. longipes (Griff.)Mart.

Without prov.: BRUN 15331.

D. spp. indet.

BEL: Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 493. TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1384; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1385.

ELEIODOXA

E. conferta (Griff.) Burret - Kelubi (Mal.), Maram (Ib.)

· VEG: Peatswamp Forest · HAB: flat ground · ALT: 10 m · USES: Edible fruit

BEL: Seria, Badas F.R., Dransfield J. 7285 · SE Asia to Sumatra & Borneo

EUGEISSONA

E. minor Becc. - Tiad (Dus.)

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Kerangas soil · ALT: 310 m · USES: Edible fruit, root used as fish trap, Edible young fruit, used for fish trap

BEL: Andulau F.R., Sinclair 10440; Labi, Bt. Teraja, Coode 6940; Seria, Badas F.R., Anderson S 2228. TUT: Ukong, Kpg. Pengkalan Ran, Symington KEP 35548; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 182; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 373 · Borneo

E. utilis Becc.

· VEG: Secondary Forest · HAB: gentle slope, ridge · GEO: yellow sand · ALT: 30 m

BRM: Berakas, Jln. Muara, Dransfield J. 797; Pengkalan Batu, Ulu Brunei, Ashton A 192. TUT: Sg. Tutong, Symington KEP 35513 · Borneo

IGUANURA

I. borneensis Scheff.

· VEG: Degraded Peatswamp Forest · GEO: clay soil · ALT: sea level-10 m

TUT: Forman 1001 · Borneo

KORTHALSIA

K. debilis Blume

· VEG: HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge · GEO: sandstone, Setap Shales · ALT: 450-870 m

TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7142; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 830; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 23; Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 35 · Sumatra, Borneo

K. echinometra Becc. - Wi Keruk (Ib..)

Liana · VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 50-250 m · USES: Used to make basket frames

BEL: Sungai Liang, Sungei Liang Arboretem, Wong 143. TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6721; Batu Apoi, Bt. Gelagas (Bt. Suang), Simpson 2365. Without prov.: BRUN 15126 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

K. ferox Becc. - Uwai Selika (Dus.)

· VEG: Roadsides · HAB: near running fresh water · GEO: sandstone · ALT: 30-300 m · USES: Leaves used for tekiding

TEM: Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 28. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Dransfield J. 6884; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 131 · Borneo

K. flagellaris Miq.

· VEG: Freshwater Swamp Forest · HAB: periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: alluvial deposits · ALT: 10 m

BEL: Sungai Liang, Labi Road, Dransfield J. 6727. Without prov.: BRUN 15069 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

K. furtadoana J.Dransf.

Liana · VEG: LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: gentle slope; periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: sandstone, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits; clay soil · ALT: 20-550 m

TEM: Johns 7282; Amo, Stockdale 68; Amo, Wong 1326; Batu Apoi, Selapon, Dransfield J. 7477. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Dransfield J. 6875 · Borneo

K. hispida Becc. - Wi Semut (Ib.)

Liana · VEG: Degraded Secondary Forest · HAB: gentle slope; waterfall spray zone, near running fresh water · GEO: sandstone; stony · ALT: 150-300 m

BEL: Labi, Wong 540; Labi, Wong Kadir, Coode 7231. TEM: Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 31; Batu Apoi, Selapon, Dransfield J. 7494. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 1663 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

K. jala J.Dransf. - Wi Danan (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 50-210 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6712. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 515; Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 516 · Borneo

K. rigida Blume

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 140-150 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6579 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo, Palawan

K. rostrata Blume - Uwai Merah (Dus.), Wi Semut (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 1000-850 m

District not traced: Jalan Tengah, Stockdale 14. BEL: Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 495; Sungai Liang, Sungei Liang Arboretem, Wong 137. TEM: Amo, Stockdale 19; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7150 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

K. sp. nov. - Wi Cit (Ib.)

· VEG: HDF · HAB: ridge · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 300 m

TEM: Amo, Wong 1738; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7064.

LICUALA

L. bidentata Becc.

· VEG: HDF · HAB: ridge · ALT: 350 m

BEL: Labi, Bt. Teraja, Simpson 2130 · Borneo

L. bintulensis Becc. - Gernis (Ib.), Gernis Besar (Ib.), Silad (Br., Dus.)

Acaulescent · VEG: Freshwater Swamp Forest, Peatswamp Forest, LMDF · HAB: gentle slope; impeded drainage, periodically flooded; near running fresh water, near still fresh water · GEO: alluvial deposits; peat · ALT: 10 m

BEL: Ashton A 497; Andulau F.R., Ashton A 149; Labi, Labi road, Wong 981; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 497; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 553; Sungai Liang, Labi Road, Dransfield J. 6728 · Borneo

L. aff. bintulensis Becc.

· HAB: gentle slope

BEL: Sungai Liang, Jln. Labi, Dransfield J. 794.

L. borneensis Becc. - Gernis (Ib.)

Acaulescent · VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: sandstone, Setap Shales; clay soil · ALT: 10-100 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6629; Amo, K. Belalong, Wong 1310; Amo, Sg. Belalong, Wong 1182; Batu Apoi, Kpg. Selapon, Dransfield J. 6929; Batu Apoi, Selapon, Dransfield J. 7457 · Borneo

L. paludosa Griff. - Benjiru (Dus.), Pala (Ib.)

TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 1645 · Widespread in SE Asia

L. spp. indet.

BEL: Andulau F.R., Ashton A 145; Labi, Dransfield J. 6533; Labi, Dransfield J. 6541; Labi, Wong 520; Labi, Wong 521; Labi, Wong 527; Labi, Bt. Teraja, Sands 5483; Labi, Kpg. Tenajor, Haslani-Mohd. A. 33; Labi, Labi Hills F. R., Coode 6831; Labi, Mendarem Valley, Sands 5435; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6596; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6605; Melilas, Ulu Ingei,, Wong 1124; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Ashton S 21575; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 498. BRM: Berakas, Jln. Muara, Dransfield J. 798. TEM: Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Nielsen 1067; Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Nielsen 1067a; Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Poulsen 149; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7138; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7070; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6668; Amo, K. Belalong, Wong 1239; Amo, K. Belalong Fld. Studies Centre, Schatz 3267; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Ashton BRUN 5254b; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Ashton BRUN 5277; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7415; Bangar, Bt. Biang, Forman 900; Batu Apoi, Bt. Gelagas (Bt. Suang), Simpson 2361; Batu Apoi, Kpg. Selapon, Dransfield J. 6927. TUT: Lamunin, Dransfield J. 6804; Lamunin, Ladan Hills, Coode 7329; Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 1642; Rambai, Ladan Hills F.R., Coode 6412; Rambai, Sg. tutong, Wong 1683; Rambai, Sg. tutong, Wong 1684; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 60; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 61; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 168. Without prov.: BRUN 15340.

LIVISTONA

L. exigua J.Dransf.

· VEG: Kerangas · HAB: gentle slope, ridge · GEO: Belait formation; yellow sandy loam · ALT: 200 m

BEL: Andulau F.R., Ashton BRUN 5513y; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6568; Melilas, Ulu Ingei, Morgan s.n. ix.82 · Endemic

METROXYLON

M. sagu Rottb.

Seen in cultivation (J.D.) but not collected · Native to Papuasia, widespread in cultivation in SE Asia

NENGA

N. pumila (Mart.) H.Wendl. var. pachystachya (Blume) E.S. Fernando

· VEG: Peatswamp Forest, LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20-30 m

BEL: Seria, Kpg. Badas, Wong 543. TEM: Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6945. Without prov.: BRUN 15190 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

NYPA

N. fruticans Wurmb - Apung (Ib., Br., Mal.)

· VEG: Degraded Empran · HAB: flat ground; periodically flooded; near running fresh water · ALT: 10 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Kpg. Sungei Mau, Dransfield J. 7292 · Widespread in SE Asia to Pacific

ONCOSPERMA

O. horridum (Griff.) Sheff.

Midstorey/subcanopy tree · VEG: Degraded LMDF, HDF · HAB: steep slope; near running fresh water · ALT: 350-50 m

BEL: Labi, Kpg. Teraja, Dransfield J. 7290. TEM: Batu Apoi, Bt. Gelagas (Bt. Suang), Simpson 2457 · Widespread in SE Asia

O. tigillarium (Jack) Ridl.

Seen widely (J.D.) but not collected · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

PHOLIDOCARPUS

P. maiadum Becc. - Jaong (Ib.), Seradang (Br.), Yul (Dus.)

Tree palm · HAB: flat ground; impeded drainage; near still fresh water

BEL: Melilas, Wong 702. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 510 · Borneo

PINANGA

P. aff. angustisecta Becc.

· VEG: HDF · HAB: steep slope · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 800-850 m

TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7116; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7146 · Pinanga angustisecta is known from Borneo

P. aristata (Burret) J.Dransf.

Impeded drainage · VEG: Alluvial Forest, LMDF, Degraded Lower Montane Forest · HAB: flat ground, steep slope; impeded drainage; near still fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, Setap Shales; alluvial deposits · ALT: 50-80 m

BEL: Melilas, Wong 684; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6600. TEM: Amo, Wong 1714; Amo, G. Pagon, Coode 7596; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7031 · Borneo

P. auriculata Becc. - Buding (Dus.), Pinang Buding (Dus.)

· VEG: Peatswamp Forest with Shorea albida, Peatswamp Forest, LMDF · HAB: flat ground; impeded drainage; near running fresh water · GEO: alluvial deposits; sandy soil; peat · ALT: 10-50 m · USES: Stalk used to make fish trap

BEL: Sg. Badas, Wong 545; Kuala Belait, Sg. Damit, Dransfield J. 6801; Melilas, De Vogel 8854. TUT: Rambai, Sg. Medit, Simpson 2540; Rambai, Sg. Medit, Simpson 2569; Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 227 · Borneo

P. aff. auriculata Becc.

Shrub · VEG: LMDF · HAB: near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation; sandy soil · ALT: 200 m

TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 560.

P. aff. brevipes Becc.

Acaulescent; on ground · VEG: LMDF · HAB: ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone · ALT: 120-150 m

BEL: Labi, Wong 526; Labi, Wong Kadir, Coode 7188. TEM: Johns 7140; Amo, Wong 1715. TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 509 · Pinanga brevipes is known from Borneo

P. capitata Gibbs var. capitata

· VEG: Kerangas, Upper Montane Forest · HAB: ridge · GEO: Meligan formation · ALT: 1300-1350 m

TEM: Amo, Sands 5247; Amo, Wong 1859; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1541; Amo, Bt. Retak, Sands 5217; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 737; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 824; Amo, Bukit Retak, Hussain Hj. Osman 1 · Borneo

P. capitata Gibbs var. divaricata J.Dransf.

· VEG: Lower Montane Forest · HAB: ridge · GEO: sandstone · ALT: 1430 m

TEM: Amo, Ashton A 257; Amo, Ashton A 281; Amo, Bt. Pagon, Wong 1780; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 452; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 910 · Borneo

P. chaiana J.Dransf.

Shrub; in understorey/low vegetation · VEG: Kerangas, LMDF · HAB: ridge; periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation; clay soil · ALT: 300 m

BEL: Andulau F.R., Ashton A 501; Andulau F.R., Ashton S 21570; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6560; Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 650. TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 540 · Borneo

P. dumetosa J.Dransf. - Pinang Moring (Ib.)

· VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope; near running fresh water · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20-100 m

BEL: Labi, Wong 525. TEM: Johns 7234; Amo, Wong 1712; Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Poulsen 260; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6625; Amo, Sg. Temburong Machang, Wong 1923; Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6931; Batu Apoi, Bt. Gelagas (Bt. Suang), Simpson 2411. Without prov.: BRUN 15173 · Borneo

P. lepidota Rendle

Shrub · VEG: Kerangas, LMDF, HDF, Upper Montane Forest · HAB: flat ground, steep slope, ridge; impeded drainage; near still fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, Lambir formation, Meligan formation, White sand, sandstone, Setap Shales; clay soil, yellow-red clay · ALT: sea level-950 m

BEL: Bukit Sawat, Jln. Labi, Dransfield J. 6729; Labi, Bukit Teraja, Kirkup 420; Melilas, De Vogel 8876; Melilas, De Vogel 8877; Melilas, Wong 687; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6558. TEM: Johns 6591; Amo, Ashton A 261; Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Nielsen 1079; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1353; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1504; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1518; Amo, Bt. Retak, Sands 5221; Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 787; Amo, Bukit Retak, Hussain Hj. Osman 16; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7417; Amo, Ulu Temburong, Ashton BRUN 5233. TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 520; Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 527 · Borneo

P. minuta Furtado

· VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope · GEO: shale, Setap Shales · ALT: 20-300 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7068; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6626; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6678; Amo, Sg. Temburong, Coode 6615; Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6943 · Borneo

P. mirabilis Becc.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope; periodically flooded · GEO: Belait formation; alluvial deposits · ALT: 90 m

BEL: Andulau F.R., Ashton A 498; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6608; Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 605; Sukang, Sungai Paleh Bangawong, Kirkup 662; Sungai Liang, Andulau F.R., Wong 496 · Borneo

P. cf. mirabilis Becc.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 220 m

TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 494.

P. mooreana J.Dransf. - Pinang Ayat (Ib.)

Midstorey/subcanopy tree, shrub, herb; in understorey/low vegetation · VEG: LMDF, Degraded LMDF · HAB: flat ground, gentle slope, ridge; periodically flooded; waterfall spray zone, near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation; alluvial deposits; stony; sandy soil · ALT: 20-50 m

BEL: Labi, Dransfield J. 6531; Labi, Wong 541; Melilas, De Vogel 8825; Melilas, Ulu Ingei, Sands 5896; Sukang, Sungai Paleh Bangawong, Kirkup 614; Sungei Liang, Andulau Forest Reserve, Ariffin Kalat BRUN 15035. TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 556 · Borneo

P. patula Blume var. microcarpa Martelli - Barang (Dus.)

· USES: Edible fruit, eaten with betel as substitute for Areca

TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 216 · Borneo

P. ridleyana Furtado

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: flat ground; periodically flooded · GEO: Setap Shales; alluvial deposits · ALT: 60 m

TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Sg. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7043 · Borneo

P. rivularis Becc.

Rheophyte; periodically flooded · VEG: Alluvial Forest, LMDF · HAB: periodically flooded; near running fresh water, in running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone; alluvial deposits; sandy soil · ALT: 50 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6597; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6609; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6610; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6611; Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 669; Melilas, Ulu Ingei, Sands 5941. TUT: Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7012; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7084; Rambai, Sg. Tutong, Coode 6369 · Borneo

P. salicifolia Blume - Pinang Moring (Ib.)

Treelet, shrub · VEG: Kerangas, Kerangas Forest with Agathis, LMDF, Lower Montane Forest · HAB: valley bottom, ridge; well-drained · GEO: Belait formation, Meligan formation, White sand, sandstone; Kerangas soil, clay soil, sandy soil, White sand, Brown · ALT: 1160 m

BEL: Andulau F.R.,, Dransfield J. 795; Bukit Sawat, Andulau F.R., Ashton A 144; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6566; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6585; Seria, Badas F.R., Coode 7636; Seria, Badas F.R., Jacobs 5696; Seria, Badas-Lumut F.R.,, Fuchs 21180; Seria, Badas-Lumut F.R.,, Fuchs 21181. TEM: Amo, Ashton A 311; Amo, Ashton A 313; Amo, Wong 1745; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1485; Amo, Bukit Tudal, Davis 468; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Ashton BRUN 5232. TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 533 · Borneo

P. sessilifolia Furtado

Shrub · VEG: LMDF · HAB: near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation; sandy soil

TUT: Ulu Tutong, Bukit Bahak, Kirkup 551.

P. simplicifrons (Miq.) Becc.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: gentle slope · GEO: Setap Shales · ALT: 20 m

TEM: Batu Apoi, Dransfield J. 6942 · Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

P. tenella (H.Wendl.) Scheff. var. tenella

Rheophyte · VEG: Alluvial Forest, LMDF, Degraded LMDF, HDF · HAB: periodically flooded; near running fresh water · GEO: Setap Shales; alluvial deposits · ALT: 20-60 m

TEM: Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Nielsen 995; Amo, K. Belalong, Ashton A 17; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6653; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6658; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6659; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6710; Amo, K. Belalong, Jacobs 5588; Amo, Sg. Belalong, Sands 5596; Amo, Sg. Temburong, Wong 235 · Borneo

P. tomentella Becc.

· VEG: LMDF, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, Setap Shales · ALT: 100-750 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6617. TEM: Amo, Wong 1717; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7125; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1425 · Borneo

P. veitchii H.Wendl.

· VEG: Kerangas, LMDF, HDF · HAB: valley bottom, gentle slope, steep slope, terrace, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone, Setap Shales · ALT: 20-200 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Boyce 296; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6584. TEM: Amo, Wong 1709; Amo, K. Belalong, Ashton A 59; Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6652; Amo, Sg. Belalong, Sands 5586. Without prov.: BRUN 15416 · Borneo

P. yassinii J.Dransf.

· VEG: Kerangas · HAB: gentle slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation; yellow sand · ALT: 190-200 m

BEL: Melilas, Batu Patam, Wong 1048; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6567; Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6569; Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 1607; Melilas, Ulu Ingei, Ashton BRUN 5524 · Borneo

P. spp. indet.

BEL: Andulau F.R., Ashton A 146; Bukit Sawat, Andulau F.R., Dransfield J. 796; Labi, Boyce 246. TEM: Amo, Ashton A 252; Amo, Ashton A 260; Amo, Wong 1832; Amo, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, Poulsen 185; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7387; Amo, Ulu Temburong, Ashton BRUN 5250. TUT: Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7006; Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7034.

PLECTOCOMIA

P. elongata Mart. ex Blume

TEM: Amo, Bt. Retak, Wong 450 · Malaya, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines

P. mulleri Blume - Uwai Semerangan (Dus.), Wi Tibu (Ib.)

· VEG: Degraded Upper Montane Forest · HAB: steep slope · ALT: 920 m

TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7211. TUT: Rambai, Tasek Merimbun, Bernstein 246 · Malaya, Borneo

PLECTOCOMIOPSIS

P. geminiflora (Griff.) Becc.

· HAB: ridge · ALT: 750 m

TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1393 · S Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo

P. mira J.Dransf.

· VEG: Degraded LMDF · HAB: ridge · ALT: 80-800 m

District not traced: Jalan Tengah, Stockdale 12. BEL: Sungei Liang, Andulau F.R., Dransfield J. 7248 · Malaya, Borneo

P. triquetra (Becc.) J.Dransf.

· VEG: Peatswamp Forest · HAB: flat ground · ALT: 10 m

BEL: Seria, Badas F.R., Dransfield J. 7282 · Borneo

POGONOTIUM

P. divaricatum J.Dransf.

Liana · VEG: Alluvial Forest, LMDF, HDF · HAB: gentle slope, steep slope, ridge; near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone, Setap Shales; sandy soil, Brown clay-loam; Leaf litter · ALT: 70-870 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6594. TEM: Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7139; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7186; Amo, Bt. Belalong, Wong 1508; Amo, Ulu Belalong, Dransfield J. 7378. TUT: Rambai, Bt. Bahak, Coode 7093 · Borneo

RETISPATHA

R. dumetosa J.Dransf.

· VEG: LMDF · HAB: steep slope; impeded drainage · GEO: Belait formation, Setap Shales · ALT: 50-350 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6602. TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 7073 · Borneo

SALACCA

S. affinis Griff. - Redan (Ib.), Tuncum (Dus.)

· VEG: Degraded LMDF · HAB: near running fresh water · GEO: Belait formation · ALT: 20-300 m

BEL: Labi, Dransfield J. 6546; Labi, Dransfield J. 6547. TEM: Amo, Kuala Belalong, Stockdale 41 · Malaya, Borneo

S. magnifica Mogea

· VEG: Alluvial Forest, Kerangas · HAB: valley bottom; waterfall spray zone · GEO: Belait formation, sandstone; alluvial deposits · ALT: 30- 50 m

BEL: Melilas, Bt. Batu Patam, Dransfield J. 6606; Melilas, Sg. Ingei, Wong 1605. TUT: Johns 7631 · Borneo

S. vermicularis Becc. - Kepela (Ib.), Lemaiong (Ib.), Terateh (Dus.)

Acaulescent · VEG: Alluvial Forest, LMDF · HAB: flat ground, steep slope; impeded drainage, periodically flooded; near still fresh water · GEO: Setap Shales; alluvial deposits · ALT: 10-100 m · USES: Edible fruit, Rachis for fishing poles by Ibans

BEL: Labi, Bt. Teraja, Dransfield J. 7015; Labi, Bt. Teraja, Dransfield J. 7016. TEM: Amo, K. Belalong, Dransfield J. 6649. TUT: Lamunin, Ladan Hills F.R., Wong 1670 · Borneo

PALMAE INDET.

BEL: Labi, Bukit Teraja, Suhaili Hj. Zinin BRUN 15015. TEM: Amo, Apoi Forest Reserve, Cowley 37; Amo, Belalong River, Duling 28; Amo, Sg. Apan area, BRUN 15284.